Wetland sustainability and the evolution of indigenous knowledge in Ethiopia     

ALAN B DIXON 《The Geographical journal》2005,171(4):306-323

Much research in recent years has addressed the contribution of indigenous knowledge (IK) to development initiatives in developing countries. An IK system that continuously evolves and adapts in response to environmental and socio-economic change is often considered to be at the core of sustainable natural resource management practices and rural livelihoods. In the context of indigenous wetland management in western Ethiopia, this paper examines the relationship between IK and wetland sustainability, focusing on the mechanisms through which IK evolves and how local adaptive capacity is built up. A series of participatory research activities undertaken in four wetland communities revealed spatial variations in the degree of innovation and communication taking place. The paper argues that these mechanisms are key factors influencing adaptive capacity, suggesting a key link between wetland sustainability and the occurrence of innovation and communication among communities.  相似文献   

The application of Yangtze Estuary Tidal Wetlands Geographic Information System     

WANG Jun  CHEN Zhenlou  XU Shiyuan  WANG Dongqi  LIU Jie 《地理学报》2005,15(2):155-166

Yangtze Estuary Tidal Wetlands Geographic Information System (YETWGIS) is a comprehensive software system for environmental management and decision of Yangtze estuary tidal wetlands. Based on MapObjects components technology, Data Mining technology, mathematical modeling method and Visual Basic language, this software system has many functions such as displaying, editing, querying and searching, spatial statistics and analysis, thematic map compiling, and environmental quality evaluation. This paper firstly outlined the system structure, key techniques, and achieving methods of YETWGIS, and then, described the core modules (the thematic map compiling module and environmental quality evaluation model module) in detail. In addition, based on information entropy model, it thoroughly discussed the methods of environmental quality evaluation and indicators' weight calculation. Finally, by using YETWGIS, this paper analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics of Heavy Metal and Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) of the Yangtze estuary tidal wetlands in 2002, and evaluated the environmental quality of the Yangtze estuary tidal wetlands in 2003.  相似文献   

南大港湿地保护研究     

张义文  张军海  高新法  魏福利 《地理与地理信息科学》2001,17(4):91-94

笔者根据对南大港湿地的考察和调研 ,阐述南大港湿地的变迁和现状植被及鸟类资源状况 ,提出了保护南大港湿地的措施。  相似文献   

全球变暖与湿地生态系统的研究进展   总被引：62，自引：8，他引：62  

傅国斌  李克让 《地理研究》2001,20(1):120-128

湿地作为一种独特的生态系统是各种主要温室气体的“源”与“汇”,因而在全球气候变化中有着特殊的地位与作用。另一方面,全球气候变化又有可能对湿地生态系统的面积、分布、结构、功能等造成巨大的影响,并有可能引起温室气体的源汇转化,从而对气候系统形成反馈。本文综述了国内外这两个方面的研究进展,指出了近期全球变化与湿地生态系统研究的重点方向和领域  相似文献   

辽河三角洲湿地景观格局对养分去除功能影响的模拟   总被引：27，自引：0，他引：27  

胡远满  李秀珍  肖笃宁  王宪礼 《地理学报》2001,56(1):32-43

以辽河三角洲湿地净化的空间模型为基础，研究了不同景观空间格局对养分去除功能的影响。根据辽河三角洲的实际情况及研究需要，设计了4个系列的实验测试图：灌渠密度、苇田面积大小、苇田缩减格局和泵站位置。结果表明，每个因子对总养分去除率的影响不超过10％。开挖更多的灌渠对提高养分去除效果没有太大意义，而小面积的苇田效果反而更好。在不同的苇田分布格局中，以集中式分布最有利于保持较高的养分去除效率，泵站位置也以靠近苇田边缘为佳。  相似文献   

The spatial-temporal dynamic characteristics of the marsh in the Sanjiang Plain     

ZHANG Shuqing  WANG Aihua  ZHANG Junyan  ZHANG Bai 《地理学报》2003,13(2):201-207

Using the methods of combining landscape ecology with GIS spatial analysis, this paper analyses the dynamics of the marsh landscape structure of the Sanjiang Plain in the past 20 years, furthermore, taking Fujin County, located in the north of the plain, as an example, analyzes the conversion between marsh and other land use types. It is shown that the marsh in the Sanjiang Plain decreased greatly in the past 20 years, but the trend has begun to reverse. The marsh area decreased by 51.33% from 1980 to 1996, whereas it decreased by 4.19% from 1996 to 2000. The fragmentation of the marsh increased; the number of the patches increased by 326 from 1986 to 1996, whereas it only increased by 18 patches from 1996 to 2000. It is obvious that the speed of patches number diminished and the marsh fragmentation decreased, which shows that the reclamation of the marsh converted from the fragmentation to the brim in a large area of the marsh. The reclaimed marsh has mainly converted to paddy field and dry land. Large-scale reclamation in the Sanjiang Plain influences its natural environment directly: the climate of the region turns from cold and wet to warm and dry, which makes the marsh both in the low-temperature northern part and in the deeply stagnant eastern part suitable for further agricultural development.  相似文献   

洪泛区湿地生态环境功能及管理对策   总被引：11，自引：1，他引：11       下载免费PDF全文

翟金良  邓伟  何岩 《水科学进展》2003,14(2):203-208

洪泛区湿地是一种重要的湿地类型,是水陆自然景观的重要组成部分,为流域中水陆相互作用的交错带,具有独特的生态环境功能。对洪泛区湿地的生态环境功能进行了科学表述,针对我国洪泛区湿地目前面临的主要生态环境问题提出了合理的管理对策。  相似文献   

长江流域的湿地资源及其恢复保护   总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19  

吕新华  刘清 《地理与地理信息科学》2003,19(1):70-73,90

该文根据湿地的自然地理特征及空间分布，将长江流域的湿地大致划分为长江河口地区滨海湿地，长江中下游地区河流，湖泊湿地，长江上游云贵高原湖泊群湿地三种类型，长江流域的湿地资源在被开发利用的同时，没有得到充分的保护，加之自然环境的变迁，这些湿地面临着退化或丧失的威胁，在分析湿地的利用现状和退化原因的基础上，提出了相应的湿地恢复保护对策。  相似文献   

龙感湖小流域元素时空分布及湿地拦截功能探讨   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9  

吴艳宏  王苏民  R.W.Barttarbee 《湿地科学》2003,1(1):33-39

众所周知,湖滨湿地是湖泊环境的屏障,它对流域入湖物质具有吸收与拦截作用。通过长江中游龙感湖湖滨湿地和湖泊沉积物中元素含量在时间序列上的对比研究,发现湖滨湿地对入湖主要重金属元素确有明显拦截作用;但对于化学性质活跃,易以溶液态迁移的元素如Fe、Mn等不具备明显的拦截功能。人类活动对湿地的破坏,减弱了湿地对流域入湖物质的拦截功能,加速了湖泊生态环境的恶化。  相似文献   

低洼盐碱地鱼虾混养塘中的浮游生物   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

李宽意  刘正文  高光  吴庆龙  胡耀辉  胡文英 《湖泊科学》2002,14(4):369-373

1997年5～9月低洼盐碱地鱼虾混养塘中的浮游生物数量与生物量的月变化特点为：浮游植物中隐藻，裸藻与硅藻生物量在实验期间较高，蓝藻与绿藻在数量上占优势，进入秋季后蓝灌数量逐渐超过绿藻，浮游动物中原生动物，桡足类数量分别在5、6月份占优势；桡足类生物量这两个月占绝对优势，轮虫，原生动物的数量分别在7、8月份优势明显，结果表明实验期间小型浮游生物数量增加，分析表明，低洼盐碱地池塘水体浮游生物的变化与水体营养盐的含量，水产经济活动（鱼虾），水温等因素密切相关。  相似文献